The island of Sao Nicolau is located North of the Archipelago. With a surface area of 346 km2, its widest point in the North/South direction of 25 km is on the western side and its shape is very similar to that of the African Continent, narrowing to the east for a distance of 52 km. The very active volcanic past of the island is majestically visible in Monte Gordo, the highest peak of the island with an altitude of 1304 m. Two separate clusters of peaks part from there, one in a North/South direction, the other from East to West. Upon reaching the sea this succession of hills and plains terminates in almost sheer cliffs. The valleys on the whole are generally narrow and deep, except for the Vale De Faja which is wide and fertile enough for agriculture to flourish.

Sao Nicolau is an extremely mountainous island which posseses an astonishing beauty. On clear days the rest of the Archipelago can be observed from this island. Throughout the narrow streets, alleys and numerous squares the colonial influence in the architecture of the building is obvious. São Nicolau is greener than Säo Vicente, but with a less spectacular landscape than Santo Antão. It is said to be very quiet, with a religious and hospitable population and stagnant economy.

There are many fishing villages throughout the island where you can enjoy the famous beaches with sands of a medicinal value (rich in titanium and iodine) and sort by many people to cure their illnesses. The fishing and transformation of tuna are famous in these parts. Surrounded by extremely rich sea waters, Sao Nicolau attracts lovers of fishing from all over the world, anixiosly trying to catch the blue marlin and the swordfish.